Views: 18<\/p>
also known as: chest trauma, thoracic injury, thoracic trauma<\/p>\n
Thoracic \/ chest trauma is the leading cause of death from physical trauma after head and spinal cord injury and a common cause of significant disability and mortality. Blunt chest (thoracic) injuries are the primary or a contributing cause of about a quarter of all trauma-related deaths. The mortality rate is about 10%. Chest injuries were first described in detail in around 1600 BC in the ancient Egyptian Edwin Smith Papyrus. Classification: <\/strong>Chest trauma can be classified generally as blunt or penetrating, having different patho-physiological features and clinical courses.<\/p>\n Specific types of chest trauma include: Diagnosis<\/strong> Primary survey:<\/strong> Look for \u2013 Indications for emergency room thoracotomy<\/strong> Indications for urgent thoracotomy<\/strong> Views: 18also known as: chest trauma, thoracic injury, thoracic trauma Thoracic \/ chest trauma is the leading cause of death from physical trauma after head<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[257,3],"tags":[143,140,145,149,137,144,147,146,148,142,150,141],"class_list":["post-122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-daily","category-general","tag-blunt","tag-chest","tag-classification","tag-indication","tag-injury","tag-penetrating","tag-primary","tag-secondary","tag-survey","tag-thoracic","tag-thoracotomy","tag-trauma"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rajib.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rajib.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rajib.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rajib.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rajib.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=122"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.rajib.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":359,"href":"https:\/\/www.rajib.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122\/revisions\/359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rajib.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rajib.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rajib.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u2022\tInjuries to the chest wall<\/span>
\no\tChest wall contusions or hematomas.
\no\tRib fractures
\no\tFlail chest
\no\tSternal fractures
\no\tFractures of the clavicle and shoulder girdle
\n\u2022\tPulmonary injury (injury to the lung) & injuries involving the pleural space<\/span>
\no\tPulmonary contusion
\no\tPulmonary laceration
\no\tPneumothorax
\no\tHaemothorax
\no\tHaemopneumothorax
\n\u2022 Injury to the airways<\/span>
\no\tTracheobronchial tear
\n\u2022\tCardiac injury
\no\tPericardial tamponade
\no\tMyocardial contusion
\n\u2022\tBlood vessel injuries<\/span>
\no\tTraumatic aortic rupture, thoracic aorta injury
\n\u2022\tInjuries to other structures within the torso<\/span>
\no\tOesophageal injury (Boerhaave syndrome)
\no\tThe Diaphragm injury<\/p>\n
\nMost blunt injuries are managed with relatively simple interventions like intubation and mechanical ventilation and chest tube insertion. Diagnosis of blunt injuries may be more difficult and require additional investigations such as CT scanning. Penetrating injuries often require surgery, and complex investigations are usually not needed to come to a diagnosis. Patients with penetrating trauma may deteriorate rapidly, but may also recover much faster than patients with blunt injury.<\/p>\n
\n\u2022\tAirway obstruction
\n\u2022\tTension pneumothorax
\n\u2022\tOpen pneumothorax
\n\u2022\tMassive haemothorax
\n\u2022\tPericardial tamponade
\nSecondary survey:<\/strong> Look for –
\n\u2022\tPulmonary contusion
\n\u2022\tMyocardial contusion
\n\u2022\tAortic disruption
\n\u2022\tTraumatic diaphragmatic hernia
\n\u2022\tTracheobronchial disruption
\n\u2022\tOesophageal disruption<\/p>\n
\n\u2022\tAcute pericardial tamponade unresponsive to cardiac massage
\n\u2022\tExsanguinating intra-thoracic haemorrhage
\n\u2022\tIntra-abdominal haemorrhage requiring aortic cross clamping
\n\u2022\tNeed for internal cardiac massage<\/p>\n
\n\u2022\tChest drainage >1500 ml or >200 ml per hour
\n\u2022\tLarge unevacuated clotted haemothorax
\n\u2022\tDeveloping cardiac tamponade
\n\u2022\tChest wall defect
\n\u2022\tMassive air leak despite adequate drainage
\n\u2022\tProven great vessel injury on angiography
\n\u2022\tProven oesophageal injury
\n\u2022\tProven diaphragmatic laceration
\n\u2022\tTraumatic sepal or valvular injury of the heart<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"